What is it about ?
The teeth are firmly anchored in the jaw thanks to their roots. The gum and the supporting tissue keep the teeth from loosening. The set of gums and supporting tissue is called the periodontium.
Gingivitis
A gingivitis is inflammation of the gums. It is caused by bacteria that are everywhere in the mouth, on the teeth and around them, even in healthy people. These bacteria thrive in the plaque. If dental plaque is not removed regularly through tooth brushing, it can lead to inflammation and turn into tartar.
Gingivitis is more common during pregnancy and puberty.
Some drugs cause gingival enlargement, which causes more frequent inflammation.
Periodontitis
The periodontitis is an inflammation that extends beyond the gum line: bacteria grow in the space below the gum line and multiply in the tissues that bind the teeth to the jawbone. Chronic inflammation can destroy supporting tissue, causing teeth to loosen.
Periodontitis occurs more frequently in the presence of certain conditions such as diabetes, and with infections that weaken resistance.
Healthy teeth are important to the overall good health of the body. Inflammation of the gums (long lasting) can spread throughout the body, increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Before performing an invasive heart operation, for example, the patient should undergo a thorough cleaning of the teeth.
How to recognize it?
- The most characteristic symptom of an inflammation of the gums is the bleeding gums (gum bleeding) when brushing teeth.
- In the event of periodontitis, the gum tissue can be withdrawn, partially exposing the tooth root. In this case, you notice that your teeth and molars are more sensitive while brushing them or consuming hot or cold food or drink.
- You may have a bad taste in the mouth or whether you have bad breath.
- The pain is not common in periodontitis.
- The teeth can also come loose if the disease is at an advanced stage.
How is the diagnosis made?
Gingivitis is mainly the domain of the dentist. This can easily diagnose a dental scaling and plaque formation when he inspects his patient’s mouth. Red, swollen gums can also indicate gingivitis.
What can you do ?
- Try to prevent gingivitis from developing in your mouth by maintaining good oral hygiene.
- Brush your teeth daily, at least twice a day.
- Floss or use brushes to clean the interdental spaces.
- Go to the dentist every year for a check-up.
- Stop smoking, because smoking can also cause inflammation of the gums.
What can your dentist do?
In the mild gingivitis, the dentist will advise you to clean your teeth thoroughly every day with a soft toothbrush. If this is not enough, he will advise you to use, in addition to cleaning, a disinfectant mouthwash. This product generally contains chlorhexidine.
In case of periodontitis, the dentist will eliminate bacteria and descale your teeth.
- Good oral hygiene is very important in controlling the disease. The infection usually goes away with good care, and healthy gums can then firmly fix the teeth again.
- In the more serious cases, a antibiotic or surgery may be indicated.
Want to know more?
- Mouth and teeth (images) – Christian Mutuality
- Tips for unparalleled oral hygiene – Christian Mutuality
- Visiting your dentist – Christian Mutuality
Are you looking for more specialized help?
- Smoking Assistance Center (CAF®) – FARES – Respiratory Affections Fund
- Tobacco specialists – FARES – Respiratory Affections Fund