Chikungunya cases are rapidly increasing on La Réunion, with the first two deaths reported among elderly individuals with pre-existing conditions. Over 8,500 cases have emerged since the outbreak began in August 2024, leading to heightened hospitalizations. Health authorities have activated a response plan and are urging residents to take preventive measures. Mosquito control operations and vaccination campaigns are underway, targeting vulnerable populations. The island had not seen chikungunya cases since 2010, following a significant outbreak in 2005-2006.
Chikungunya Epidemic in La Réunion: A Growing Concern
The chikungunya epidemic on the island of La Réunion is witnessing a troubling escalation. Recently, two elderly individuals, aged 86 and 96, one of whom had pre-existing health conditions, succumbed to the virus, as confirmed by the island’s prefecture on March 21. This marks the first recorded fatalities linked to this viral outbreak, which began in August 2024 and is primarily transmitted by tiger mosquitoes.
Health Authorities Respond to the Crisis
The prefecture, alongside the regional health agency, expressed their sorrow regarding the recent deaths attributed to chikungunya. They noted that an investigation commission, which includes the attending physician, infectious disease specialists from the university hospital, and representatives from Public Health France, is currently reviewing the circumstances surrounding these fatalities. This thorough examination is necessary to accurately attribute the cause of death, which has caused some delays in official announcements from health authorities.
As the epidemic spreads across the island, over 8,500 cases have been reported since the outbreak commenced. Hospitalization numbers have risen, with 24 individuals currently receiving care, including three severe cases. A recent health report indicated that from March 3 to 9 alone, there were 2,888 new cases. Fortunately, the hospital system remains stable, although 77 patients were admitted to emergency services during that week.
In light of the rising cases, the level 4 of the ORSEC plan (Civil Security Response Organization) has been activated, indicating a “medium intensity epidemic.” The prefecture has noted a rapid acceleration in the spread of the virus across the entire territory.
To combat this outbreak, health officials are urging residents to take proactive measures to protect themselves from infection. Recommendations include eliminating standing water around homes, using mosquito repellent, and seeking medical advice if any symptoms arise.
In an effort to curb the spread of chikungunya, the Regional Health Agency (ARS) has deployed 150 anti-vector control agents, supported by local staff, to conduct daily mosquito control operations. Vaccination efforts are also underway, with plans for a campaign aimed at priority individuals set to begin in early April. The High Authority of Health (HAS) has recommended the use of the “Ixchiq” vaccine for those at risk of severe illness, including individuals over 65, those with comorbidities, and certain younger adults.
Until this recent outbreak, La Réunion had not reported any cases of chikungunya since 2010. The last major outbreak, which occurred between 2005 and 2006, affected around 260,000 residents, accounting for one-third of the island’s population, and resulted in 225 fatalities.