EDF is revitalizing its approach to Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) by focusing on a 400 MW design, shifting from the previous dual 170 MW model. By streamlining development using established technologies, EDF aims to launch a prototype in France by the early 2030s, with an investment of 70 million euros in 2025. The Nuward initiative, developed alongside Framatome, targets industrial decarbonization and residential heating, while emphasizing innovative construction methods for efficient SMR production.
EDF’s Strategic Move Towards Small Modular Reactors
EDF is making a significant comeback in the realm of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), which are poised to play a crucial role in the future of nuclear energy. The company has revamped its Nuward project to better align with market demands. Recent updates indicate that EDF is shifting its focus to a 400 megawatt (MW) SMR, a notable change from the earlier model that featured two reactors of 170 MW each. For context, traditional French nuclear reactors boast capacities ranging from 900 to 1600 MW, depending on the generation.
Innovative Approach to Proven Technologies
The organization has undertaken bold transformations, primarily opting for established technologies to streamline development. A source familiar with the situation revealed that the initial project version faced significant delays due to complex components. Recognizing the need for urgency, EDF has eliminated options that could prolong timelines. The goal is to introduce a prototype in France by the early 2030s. Accelerating project timelines is expected to contribute to cost reduction as well. The chosen power output aims to enhance profitability for the Nuward initiative, which will operate as a pressurized water reactor in a loop configuration, similar to those in the existing fleet. This initiative stands out as the only third-generation SMR project backed by an EU entity.
To remain competitive, EDF’s Nuward will be developed in collaboration with Framatome and other European industrial stakeholders, rather than TechnicAtome. This strategic approach enables simultaneous construction of SMRs alongside larger reactors. The decisions made by EDF reflect a commitment to meet the needs of potential clients, especially large industrial corporations focused on securing reliable electricity supplies and proven technologies. The Nuward project aims to address two primary market segments: the decarbonization of industries—by bringing necessary heat closer to manufacturing sites—and district heating networks for residential buildings. However, replacing coal-fired power plants with SMRs appears to be less of a priority for developers.
The revised Nuward design is characterized as “innovative,” particularly regarding its construction methodologies. The reactors are intended to be nearly prefabricated before being assembled on-site, which aligns with the overarching goal of industrializing manufacturing processes for SMRs. The nuclear sector aspires to adopt a production model akin to that of the aviation industry.
Looking ahead, EDF is set to progress to the “conceptual design” phase, a highly detailed blueprint expected to be finalized by mid-2026. The company has earmarked an investment of 70 million euros for the Nuward initiative in 2025.