Nuclear, agriculture, industry, but also cannabis… For more than two hours, the candidate of Europe Ecologie-Les Verts in the presidential election, Yannick Jadot, defended his proposals and his positions in front of journalists from France Télévisions in the program “Elysée 2022”, Thursday February 18. Franceinfo verified ten statements by the contender for the supreme nomination.
>> The seven sequences to remember from Yannick Jadot’s passage in “Elysée 2022”
1Air pollution causes “between 48,000 and 100,000 deaths per year” in France: true
“We have, according to health institutions, between 48,000 and 100,000 deaths per year in our country linked to air pollution.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
Several studies on the consequences of air pollution in France lead to figures within the range cited by Yannick Jadot. Thus, in April 2021, Public Health France calculated that 40,000 deaths per year were attributable to exposure to fine particles, despite the improvement in air quality. In 2016, the same institution, based on the period 2007-2008, estimated the number of premature deaths for the same reasons at 48,000.
The new estimates from Public Health France are well below other international research. For example, a study published in February in Environmental Researchrelayed by The world, estimated that fine particle pollution caused by the combustion of fossil fuels was responsible for one in five deaths worldwide, i.e. more than 8 million deaths in 2018, including nearly 100,000 in France. These discrepancies are linked to methodological differences and more precise data on France, explains Public Health France.
2The average amount of aid granted by MaPrimeRénov’ is 3,000 euros: true
“Do you know what the average support for MaPrimeRénov is? 3,000 euros.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
In 2021, in France, 764,732 files were submitted to receive aid for energy renovation work, and 644,073 bonuses were granted, with 2.06 billion in aid distributed, according to the National Agency for Energy. habitat, which manages the device. That is, on average, 3,198 euros granted per case.
3France has “one of the highest productivity in the world”: to qualify
“We are today in a society where, including you know it in France, we have one of the highest productivity at work in the world.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
The workers work little, but they are efficient! This is an argument often used on the left to justify the reduction of working time. However, if France is indeed a good student of productivity, it is not on the podium. In 2019 (to take the last year not influenced by the consequences of the Covid-19 epidemic), France rose to 11th place among OECD countries with the highest share of wealth produced at the national level. (Gross Domestic Product) per hour worked, behind Ireland, Luxembourg, Norway or the United States for example, but just ahead of Germany. France maintains its 11th place if all the countries are taken into account (even if the data are not available for all the States).
But this classification is partly distorted, note Release. Good students are good in part because “to the domiciliation of multinationals (…) for tax reasons” in their country. And “the estimate of the number of hours actually worked in each country is uncertain, distorting the rankings”, adds the daily. This good result is also to be put into perspective because at almost equal play with Germany, France has an employment rate ten points lower than its neighbour. Gold, “if, with an unemployment rate of 8%, we are as productive as Germany with an unemployment rate of 3%, it is because we are leaving people who are less productive than the average on the side of the road “notes Gilbert This, economist at the Banque de France.
4France has “30,000 migrant doctors” and “40,000 migrant nurses”: true
“We have 30,000 migrant doctors in the hospital and if we didn’t have them, frankly, we would be even more in a mess (…). What do you do with the 40,000 migrant nurses who allow us to treat the French?
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
According to the latest data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), France has 31,227 migrant doctors born abroad, or 15.7% of the total. France also has 40,329 migrant nurses born abroad, or 6.6% of the total.
5100,000 farms have disappeared in France in the last ten years: true
“We have 100,000 farms that have disappeared in the last ten years. Thirty farms disappear every day, mainly breeding farms.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
In ten years, 100,000 farms have disappeared in France, according to the ten-year agricultural census, published in December 2021. This represents an average of just over 28 farms that disappear every day. The types of production that have been most affected by these transformations are sheep, cattle, pig and poultry farming, milk production and viticulture.
6France still has six million unemployed: rather true
“We still have six million unemployed.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
That’s right. In France (including the overseas departments-regions, excluding Mayotte), the number of job seekers stood at 5.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2021 for categories A, B and C, notes the ministry. work. This is a little less than in the second quarter of 2017, when Emmanuel Macron arrived at the Elysée (5.8 million). This number takes into account all persons who are unemployed or who do not work full time and who are required to actively seek employment, excluding categories D and E, who are employed or who are not immediately available, and who are not required to actively seek employment.
7Renewable energies create “three times more jobs than nuclear”: hard to say
“Renewable energies create three times more jobs than nuclear power.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
In 2018 in France, renewable energies employed just over 68,000 full-time equivalents, according to data from the Ministry of Ecological Transition. This is much less than the 220,000 jobs recorded for the nuclear sector in 2014, according to the Strategic Committee for the nuclear sector.
But at equal production, renewable energies actually represent three times more jobs than nuclear in some countries, according to studies, without it being known whether these data can be transposed to France. According to an OECD report (PDF file), which takes up a study published in 2010 in the United States (in English), it takes 14 jobs in nuclear to produce 1 GWh of energy, compared to 87 in solar photovoltaic – a ratio of one to six. On the other hand, with wind power, the difference is much less important (14 against 17).
But in a report (PDF file) returned to the government in 2019, Laurence Parisot warned: “It is important to distinguish the construction phases from the operation and maintenance phases to calculate the labor input of the different energies”. According to a British study (in English), three quarters of the jobs created by the deployment of renewable technologies are nevertheless sustainable in the long term. But the researchers warn that these projections are not applicable to all other countries (thus, France). In short, impossible to decide for sure in the state.
8France has passed “a few seconds or two fingers away from the major nuclear accident in our country”: difficult to say
“You know that many times we have been seconds or so away from a major nuclear accident in our country.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
If there has never been a major accident in France, there have been several serious events. Two of them were classified as “level 4 accidents not causing significant risk outside the site” on the Ines scale – International nuclear event scale – which ranges from 0 to 7.
These two accidents, which are to date the most serious ever recorded in France, occurred on October 17, 1969 and March 13, 1980, recalls the Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN). They touched the same plant, that of Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux (Loir-et-Cher), located between Blois and Orléans. The flooding of the Blayais nuclear power plant (Gironde) in December 1999 also raised fears of a major accident in France, the emergency pumps having been submerged. But the intervention of the agents of the central made it possible to limit the damage of this incident, finally classified level 2 on the scale of Ines.
9France has lost 100,000 automotive jobs in ten years: rather true
“The 2020-2021 crisis should bring job cuts since 2008 to around 100,000”advanced in April 2021 a study by the Observatory of Metallurgy (PDF file), which brings together the Union of Metallurgical Industries and Trades (UIMM) and employee unions. Over these 13 years, there have nevertheless been, in parallel, “4,806 job creations”underlines the Observatory, which makes a total of “76,500 jobs lost” in car manufacturing in 13 years.
And this is not a first. The French automotive industry employed around 225,000 people in 2011, compared to 320,000 employees ten years earlier, according to data from the Committee of French Automobile Manufacturers (CCFA). And the future could be just as bleak: Luc Chatel, president of the Automotive Platform, a federation of companies in the sector, said in October that he feared the loss of 100,000 new jobs by 2030 due to the conversion of the sector to electricity, reports France 3 Hauts-de-France.
10France is the country “where we consume the most” cannabis and the “most repressive” country in this area: rather true
“France is the most repressive country. It is the country where we consume the most.”
Yannick Jadotin “Elysée 2022”
Yannick Jadot wishes to legalize the use of cannabis and to justify this measure, the environmental candidate affirms that “France is the most repressive country” in this matter as well as “the country where we consume the most”. This is true, at least at European level. In the absence of uniform and reliable data at the global level, it is possible to say that the French are indeed the biggest consumers of the Old Continent. According to the latest European Drug Report from the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (PDF file), 44.8% of French people aged 15 to 64 have already used cannabis in their lifetime, a record. France also ranks first among countries in which young people aged 15 to 34 have used cannabis in the last 12 months.
Finally, the legal arsenal is also particularly repressive in France. We are part of the small group of seven European countries in which the use of cannabis is a criminal offence. French law provides for up to one year in prison and a fine of 3,750 euros for the use of cannabis. Since September 1, 2021, cannabis consumers also risk a criminal fixed fine of 200 euros.