(Paris) After the exclusion of Russia and Belarus from international sport recommended by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on Monday, here are the main precedents for sporting sanctions for political reasons:
Posted at 1:48 p.m.
First and Second World Wars
The two world conflicts of the XXand century (1914-1918 and 1939-1945) resulted in the absence of the defeated countries at the editions of the following Olympic Games.
Held as aggressors during the First World War, Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary and Turkey are thus kept away from the Antwerp Olympics (1920). Germany is again excluded from the 1924 Olympics in Paris.
After the Second World War, Germany and Japan were deprived of the Games in 1948 (summer in London and winter in Saint-Moritz).
Apartheid
As a result of the implementation of its policy of apartheid, South Africa was banned by the IOC from participating in the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. A suspension that will only be lifted for this country in 1992, at the Barcelona Olympics, after the release of Nelson Mandela and the democratization process.
Soviet invasion in Afghanistan
To protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the United States boycotted the Moscow Games in 1980. In total, 65 countries declined the Russian invitation (West Germany, Canada, Japan, etc.).
Four years later, at the Los Angeles Olympic Games, the countries of the Eastern bloc return the courtesy to the Americans, with the boycott of the USSR and about fifteen of its allies.
Balkan War
As a result of the war in the Balkans and the sanctions decided by the UN, Yugoslavia was not authorized to take part in the Barcelona Games in 1992. Yugoslav sportsmen nevertheless had the possibility of competing as independent Olympic participants (IOP ).