Turkish MPs opened the doors of NATO to Sweden on Tuesday and should definitively validate its entry without delay, after approval of the Accession Protocol in exchange for a possible American commitment to the F-16 planes.
The Foreign Affairs Committee of the Parliament in Ankara approved the text after 19 months of suspense and transmitted it to the Plenary Assembly for final adoption, a formality which should follow in the coming hours or days, but at some point — or a date — which has not yet been specified.
A decision immediately welcomed by the Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs, Tobias Billström: “We are delighted to become a member of NATO,” he declared to the public television site SVT Nyheter.
NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg also “welcomed” Tuesday the vote of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Turkish Parliament in favor of Sweden’s membership in the Atlantic Alliance.
Turkey was the last member of the Atlantic Alliance with Hungary to block Sweden’s path, multiplying demands and pretexts to justify its reluctance.
” I am counting on [ces deux États] to complete their ratification procedures as quickly as possible” on Swedish membership, “which will make NATO stronger,” Mr. Stoltenberg said in a statement.
Sweden had submitted its application at the same time as Finland – admitted in April – after the start of the Russian war in Ukraine.
“We are seeing a change in Sweden’s policy, some decisions adopted by the courts,” Fuat Oktay, AKP MP, remarked on private channel NTV on Monday. [le parti au pouvoir] and Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Turkish Parliament.
“We still had some requests for additional progress” in the fight against terrorism, he added without further details.
“Terrorists”
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has objected since the start of the process to Stockholm’s supposed leniency towards certain Kurdish groups, which he considers terrorists.
Above all, it seems that after a long silence from Washington, a telephone conversation in mid-December with the American president, Joe Biden, finally overcame Mr. Erdogan’s reluctance.
Announced as a simple formality in November, including by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, who spoke of “a few weeks”, the examination of the accession protocol collapsed after a single meeting.
At the beginning of December, Mr. Erdogan added as a condition to Ankara’s ratification the “simultaneous” ratification by the American Congress of the sale of F-16 fighter planes to Turkey.
“All this is linked,” he warned.
Turkey had already played this card to try to obtain an American green light for the sale of F-16s, which it needs to modernize its air force.
The American government is not hostile to this sale, but Congress has blocked it so far for political reasons, including tensions with Greece – also a NATO member – with which Ankara has recently moved closer. .
“It now seems obvious that the two processes will move forward in parallel,” the director of the German Marshall Fund in Ankara, Ozgur Unluhisarcikli, told AFP.
But, “although the questions are not related, the declarations of Turkey – and its president – supporting Hamas have further complicated the process of selling the F-16s,” notes the expert.
According to him, “there is no real consensus within Parliament, nor in the American Congress”.
“But if MM. Biden and Erdogan are showing the required will, we can hope for a near outcome. »