Does the tidal turbine have real potential in Quebec?
Tidal energy can be divided into two categories: tidal (tidal) energy and river current energy. In rivers, it is more difficult to meet the right technical feasibility conditions. The majority of research and development efforts worldwide are therefore currently directed towards tidal power, which features generally larger turbines that can produce electrical outputs of more than 1 megawatt (MW). Quebec’s tidal potential from tidal energy is mainly located in Ungava Bay and offers a theoretical potential estimated at 4288 MW.
Why is there little talk of tidal turbines in Quebec when we have a highly developed hydrographic network?
Unlike hydroelectric plants, which use the potential energy of water to generate electricity, the technology of tidal energy is more recent and consists of transforming the kinetic energy of water into electricity from a turbine located under water. Several prototypes of this technology have emerged in Canada and Europe over the past 10 years. The results were mixed due to technical difficulties (corrosion, silting) or economic difficulties (bankruptcy of companies), despite the financial support of governments in several cases. Today, tidal turbine technology is still considered to be at the research and development stage.
What are the advantages of the tidal turbine?
The tidal turbines have a limited visual impact and do not produce any audible noise on the surface, which could facilitate the social acceptability of the projects. Second, tidal currents are highly predictable. It would therefore be possible to establish with precision the production of electricity that these turbines could generate. Finally, the variability of river and tidal currents is more gradual than that of wind and solar power, which can experience rapid changes in output due to gusts or passing clouds.
PHOTO PROVIDED BY ALSTOM
The accessibility of tidal turbines for maintenance operations is an important issue.
Are there any major drawbacks to harnessing tidal energy?
The accessibility of tidal turbines for maintenance operations is an important issue because of the complexity and the dangers of working in an environment of underwater currents. Moreover, there is currently little information on the environmental impact of tidal turbines. Furthermore, the cost of tidal energy is higher than that of other renewable energy sources.
Quebec establishes 16 potential sites for the development of tidal energy. Will these projects ever see the light of day?
Hydro-Québec continuously monitors energy production technologies, including tidal turbines. The projects could eventually see the light of day if they meet the criteria of sustainable development: environmental acceptability, social acceptability and economic profitability.
Would it be possible to install turbines near urban centers like Montreal or Quebec?
A RER Hydro tidal turbine has already been installed in the St. Lawrence River near the Old Port of Montreal. According to the information we have, the tests would not have been conclusive.