Legislative in Turkmenistan | The ruling family seeks to consolidate its authority

(Ashgabat) Turkmenistan elects its deputies on Sunday in the first legislative elections since the constitutional reform which in January consolidated the stranglehold of the Berdymoukhamedov family on this reclusive and authoritarian country of Central Asia.

Polling stations in this country, almost entirely covered by the sands bordering the Caspian Sea, opened at 7 a.m. local time (10 p.m. EST) and will close at 7 p.m. (10 a.m. EST). , according to the electoral commission.

The turnout had almost reached 75% eight hours after the opening of the offices, where voters thronged, noted an AFP journalist.

The Turkmen economy relies almost exclusively on the marketing of its immense gas reserves, all the more coveted since the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In recent months, the Turkmen president has notably met his Russian counterparts Vladimir Putin and Chinese Xi Jinping.

A former Soviet republic, Turkmenistan has been ruled for more than 16 years by the Berdymoukhamedovs and no election has been deemed free and fair by Western observers.

father-son duo

President Serdar Berdymoukhamedov, in his forties with an austere face, took over in March 2022 from his 65-year-old father, Gurbanguly, known for his excess and his unbridled cult of personality during his reign which began in 2006.

But far from stepping back, Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov proposed in January to abolish the upper house of Parliament, which was created at his request in 2021, and to return to a unicameral system.

After this unanimously voted proposal, Mr. Berdymoukhamedov was appointed chairman of a new supreme body.

This People’s Council has control over the major orientations of Turkmenistan’s internal and external policy, de facto relegating the Assembly and its 125 deputies to the background.

Mr. Berdymoukhamedov senior, already officially “Hero-Protector” (Arkadag), has been made “head of the Turkmen nation” and a city in his honor is being built.

“It is necessary to continue the efforts of the Hero-Protector and our dear president”, assures AFP Ogoulgourban Ezimova, president of a polling station in Ashgabat, the capital.

At his polling station, 18-year-old voters voting for the first time will receive “gifts, flowers and books from our dear Protector” to “remember this special day in their lives”.

Among them, Maïa Ataeva, who has just received these gifts. “We students take these elections particularly seriously because, as our dear President Serdar Berdymoukhamedov said, they mark a new stage in the democratization of the country,” she told AFP.

Gifts

While Serdar and Gurbangouly Berydymukhamedov have repeatedly said that these elections are taking place according to democratic principles, the opposition is absent from the ballot and censorship reigns in this country, which occupies the depths of RSF’s press freedom ranking, in company from North Korea, Eritrea and Iran.

Outside the polling stations, the enthusiasm of the voters met by AFP before the election seemed relatively measured.

Because apart from the detailed biography of the 258 candidates égrainé by Neutral Turkmenistansuccessor to the newspaper of the Turkmen Communist Party in Soviet times, it is difficult to find the trace of a program.

Closed faces, black ties and suits for men and colorful traditional suits for women, these candidates come from three parties and groups of citizens.

If this closed country, the only one in the world to have never recognized the slightest contamination with COVID-19, does not communicate on the level of unemployment, the economic situation is far from idyllic. And the regime has not relaxed its grip on the population.

“I watched last year the inauguration of the president, many expected important reforms from the young head of state”, told AFP Maksat Redjenov, a disappointed entrepreneur.

Seller at the Ashgabat market, Achir Ovezov, in his thirties, does not know the candidates and must “work from morning to evening” to feed his family.

Its absence should not prevent the participation rate from approaching 90%.