IUD

0


De what is it?

An IUD or intrauterine device (IUD) is a contraceptive method. It is a small object that measures about 3 cm and that the doctor places in the uterus. It is a very reliable method of contraception.

There are two kinds of IUDs: the copper IUD and the hormonal IUD.

The copper IUD

The copper IUD consists of a plastic frame surrounded by a copper wire. It has the shape of a T or a small anchor. It does not contain hormone. Copper prevents pregnancy in two ways:

  • Copper is toxic to sperm. Sperm become sterile when they are in the womb. They are therefore not or almost no longer able to fertilize an egg.
  • Copper causes changes in the inner wall (the lining) of the uterus. A fertilized egg cannot then implant itself in the mucous membrane.
The hormonal IUD

The hormonal IUD is made of a plastic frame. It is shaped like a T. It continuously releases a small amount of progestin in the uterus. This progestin is an artificially made female sex hormone comparable to progesterone. This progestin prevents pregnancy in two ways:

  • A fertilized egg cannot implant in the lining of the uterus.
  • A change in the mucus in the cervix (cervical mucus), preventing sperm from passing through.

What are the advantages of the IUD?

  • IUDs are very reliable.
  • Sometimes you forget to take the pill. With an IUD, you don’t have to think about anything. Depending on the type, an IUD can stay in place for 3 to 10 years.
  • It is recommended that women smokers over 35 years old not take the pill, as this combination increases the risk of blood clots (thrombosis). In this case, an IUD can be used safely because the risk of thrombosis is not increased with the IUD.
  • The IUD is a safe method of contraception while breastfeeding.
  • After removing an IUD, you can get pregnant again right away.
  • In case of unprotected sex, a copper IUD can be used as emergency contraceptive if placed within 5 days of intercourse. A copper IUD is more effective than a ‘morning after pill’.
  • With a hormonal IUD, periods are often less painful and the amount of blood lost each month generally decreases; some women don’t even have any rules at all.

What are the disadvantages of an IUD?

  • The main risks are related to the placement of the IUD, namely a perforation and a risk infections. Sometimes the body rejects the IUD. But these risks are extremely rare.
  • IUDs cause more vaginal discharge.
  • You can’t move your rules.
  • The IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unlike a condom.

A copper IUD can cause longer and heavier periods. If this bothers you too much, you can ask for the IUD to be removed.

When is it best not to place an IUD?

In the following situations:

  • you are pregnant,
  • you have recently had an infection in the small pelvis,
  • you have vaginal bleeding for no specific reason,
  • in case of uterine or cervical cancer,
  • in the event of coagulation disorders,
  • in the event of abnormalities in the anatomy of the vagina or uterus,
  • for copper IUDs: you are allergic to copper or you have a disease linked to an accumulation of copper in the body.

How is it placed?

The placement of an IUD is performed by some general practitioners or by the gynecologist, preferably during menstruation.

It is possible to have an IUD placed directly after an abortion; on the other hand, it is better to wait 6 to 8 weeks after giving birth.

Once the copper IUD is placed, you are immediately protected against pregnancy. On the other hand, if it is a hormonal IUD, it is generally recommended to use a condom for at least 7 days.

Then you are advised to get checked every 2-3 years, or sooner if you have any complaints.

Want to know more?

Are you looking for more specialized help?

Sources