(Paris) The French Constitutional Council has widely censored the immigration law, in particular measures aimed at toughening the government’s text adopted in December, under pressure from the right, which caused the presidential camp to sway.
A month after its adoption in Parliament, the nine “Wise Men” of the council responsible in particular for ruling on the conformity of the laws with the Constitution rebutted most of the most criticized measures: tightening of access to social benefits for foreigners not European countries, annual migration quotas, tightening of family reunification criteria, student “return deposit”…
“The Constitutional Council validates the entire text of the government”, reacted the Minister of the Interior Gérald Darmanin on parliamentary procedure.
And, according to his entourage, President Emmanuel Macron asked Mr. Darmanin to “do everything possible” to “apply [la loi] as soon as possible “.
The executive expected such censorship since, by Mr. Darmanin’s own admission, several provisions were “manifestly and clearly contrary to the Constitution”.
Conversely, the president of the far-right National Rally (RN) party, Jordan Bardella, denounced “a coup de force by the judges, with the support of the President of the Republic”, by judging “the immigration law dead- born” and calling for a referendum on immigration.
For the RN and the right-wing Les Républicains party (LR, opposition), the broad censorship of the bill revives the debate on a possible constitutional reform, which they regularly advocate on migration issues.
The boss of LR, Éric Ciotti, deemed it “more essential than ever” while the president of the RN group in the Assembly, the former presidential candidate Marine Le Pen, who had claimed an “ideological victory” after adoption of the text, considered that “only a reform of the constitution will allow[it] to respond to the migration issues which are hitting France hard.
The decision of the Constitutional Council, also scrutinized by associations defending undocumented immigrants, collectives, lawyers and unions, reshuffles the cards.
Indeed, 35 of the 86 articles of the bill were totally or partially censored according to the decision consulted by AFP. The Council considered for the majority of them – 32, precisely – that they had no place in this text of law. These are “legislative riders”, which could however reappear later in other texts.
Unconstitutional migration quotas
A relief for some, including within the majority itself, of which 27 of the 248 deputies had opposed the text, while the Minister of Health Aurélien Rousseau, a member of the left wing of the government, resigned after its adoption.
“It’s a victory this evening,” the president of the NGO Amnesty International, Jean-Claude Samouiller, also reacted during an association gathering near the Constitutional Council.
On the left, there was talk of “a snub” for the government, “a slap in the face”, “a lesson in the rule of law” and calls were made for the withdrawal of “a bad law”.
“The government will bear as an indelible stain the call to pass a law aligning with the historical positions of the extreme right under pressure from LR,” commented Olivier Faure, first secretary of the Socialist Party.
The coordinator of the La France Insoumise party (LFI, radical left), Manuel Bompard judged that the “totally amputated” law had “no legitimacy” and should “be withdrawn”.
Very controversial, the measure extending the length of residence required so that non-Europeans in a legal situation can benefit from certain social benefits (housing or family allowances, etc.) has thus been completely censored.
Ditto for the tightening of the criteria for family reunification (with a required length of residence increasing from 18 to 24 months), the establishment of a “return deposit” for foreign students or the end of the automaticity of land law for children of foreigners born in France.
The establishment of annual migration quotas determined by Parliament after a mandatory debate was deemed unconstitutional.
The bill retains the structure initially desired by the government, with a large component of simplification of procedures for expelling delinquent foreigners, one of the objectives of Minister of the Interior Gérald Darmanin.