Did your deputy vote for or against these 10 major laws of Emmanuel Macron’s first five-year term?

Where does our information come from?

This work is based on free access data from the National Assembly. These allowed franceinfo to list all the deputies who sat in the Bourbon palace during the past legislature – including the substitutes who replaced the deputies who entered the government, for example. These data also made it possible to identify how each parliamentarian voted during the so-called public ballots, that is to say during which the vote of each deputy is recorded on a computer.

How were the laws chosen?

The vast majority of deputies took part in at least one of the ballots for each of the legal texts retained by franceinfo. With the exception of the vaccination pass, all were subject to so-called solemn votes, a type of ballot generally reserved for major texts as a whole. Practically all the deputies are present on these occasions, contrary to the other public polls, known as ordinary. For the latter, the norm is rather to see only a few dozen deputies in the hemicycle. They are most often parliamentarians who have worked beforehand, in committee, on the text concerned. The adoption of the vaccination pass, in January 2022, was however an exception. The vast majority of deputies took part in its vote, although the law was not submitted to a solemn vote.

What are the votes displayed for each MP?

The texts are rarely the subject of a single vote in the National Assembly. They follow a back and forth with the Senate: the famous parliamentary “shuttle”. At each passage, they are examined and voted on. Each of these exams is called a “reading”. Most often there are two, but there may be more. The final vote is called “final reading”. It is this vote that franceinfo has chosen to display by default for each deputy. If the parliamentarian did not participate in the final reading, then the vote displayed is that of the last reading in which he participated.

Why do some constituencies no longer have MPs in office?

It may happen that a deputy resigns from his post, most often for reasons of non-cumulation of mandate. His election can also be canceled by decision of the Constitutional Council in the event of irregularity. Consequently, the voters of the constituency concerned are called back to the polls to re-elect their deputy, during a by-election. But there is an exception. If the resignation of the deputy or the annulment of his election takes place in the last year of the legislature, then no by-election can no longer be organised. The constituency remains vacant until the next legislative elections.