The article introduces Loc’Avantages, a tax reduction scheme replacing the failed “Louer abordable” initiative aimed at encouraging landlords to offer affordable rent. Launched in March 2022, it provides tax benefits in exchange for commitments to rent properties below market rates for at least six years. The program establishes specific conditions, including signing an agreement with Anah, adhering to rent and tenant income ceilings, and calculating annual tax reductions based on rent levels.
Understanding Loc’Avantages
A Fresh Tax Incentive for Property Owners
The previous “Louer Abordable” initiative has been phased out, giving way to Loc’Avantages in March 2022. This program, introduced by the government, aims to motivate property owners to offer their homes at lower-than-market rates, with the incentive of obtaining a tax reduction. Landlords must adhere to specific criteria to qualify for this program.
Loc’Avantages vs. “Louer Abordable”
One key distinction between these “solidarity” programs is that Loc’Avantages provides a tax reduction rather than merely an allowance on taxable rents. To illustrate the financial benefits, our calculations indicate that the advantages are marginal in comparison to open market rates, except in unique circumstances—such as properties located in less desirable areas or those needing significant repairs.
Eligibility Criteria for Loc’Avantages
Securing an Agreement with the Agence nationale de l’habitat (Anah)
To take advantage of Loc’Avantages, landlords must enter into an agreement with Anah, outlining the conditions required for renting their property.
Minimum Rental Commitment
Owners must commit to renting their unfurnished property—used as their primary residence— for a minimum of six years. All types of properties are eligible, including houses and apartments, provided they meet the acceptable standards. However, properties classified as thermal flats with ratings F or G are not eligible.
Adhering to Rent and Income Limits
Both the rental price and the tenant’s income must align with established ceilings at the time the lease is executed. These rental caps vary by community, based on localized assessments.
Determining Rent Caps for 2024
Three Designated Rent Categories (LOC 1, 2, and 3)
Landlords can choose from three levels of rent classification:
- LOC 1 = 15% below the market rate
- LOC 2 = 30% below the market rate
- LOC 3 = 45% below the market rate (available only in rental intermediation)
These rent limits are established at either the communal or, for major cities like Paris, Lyon, and Marseille, the arrondissement level. The formula is straightforward: lower rents yield higher tax reductions.
Based on Market Rent Assessments
For even-numbered years, the ceilings are aligned with estimated market rents sourced from independent local observatories or sites like Seloger.com, Leboncoin.fr, and Pap.fr.
Updated Based on the IRL
For odd-numbered years, the adjustment occurs on January 1, utilizing the Rent Reference Index (IRL) changes based on the second quarter of the previous year.
Using the Anah Simulator for Accurate Estimates
Anah provides an online tool where landlords can input their property’s address and size to find applicable rent limits and tax benefits across France.
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Income Limits for Tenants in 2024
The legislation has also established income ceilings for tenants, which vary based on household size, property location, and the chosen rent level. In particularly urban areas, for a “social” rent, the maximum annual income for 2024 is 31,827 euros for individuals and 47,570 euros for couples.
It’s crucial to note that rentals cannot be granted to family members or those already residing in the property, barring lease renewals.
Resource Limits for LOC 1, 2, and 3
Here are the resource ceilings applicable under various agreements:
For social agreements:
For very social agreements:
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What Tax Benefits are Available?
The tax reductions offered are contingent upon the extent of the rental discount provided. For landlords managing their own properties, the reduction can range from 15% to 35% of annual rents, whereas those using a management agency may see reductions of